Loom for weaving pile fabric.



--No. 775.970. QPATENTED Nov. 29, 1904. w. G. HARTLEY.

LOOM FOR WEAVING FILE FABRIC.

APPLIGATIOH E'ILED FED. Q, 1904;

5 SHEETS-SHEET L Q Co l3 'Jmmutoe (Nancy fncaoca r UNITED STATESPatented November 29, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

'ILLIAM G. HARTLEY, OF AMESBURY, MASSACHL'Sl-ITTS. ASSIHNOR, BY

DIRECT AND MESNE ASSlhrNMEN T5, T HARTLEY LOOP WEAVE COM- PANY. OFAMESBURY, MASSACHUSETTS. v r

Loom FOR WEAVING PlLE FABRIC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 775,910, da.tedNovember 29, 1904. Application filed Febrnary 4,1904. Serial No.191,966, No model- 1'0 all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, \VILLIAM G. HARTLEY,

a resident of Amesbury, in the county of 155- 3 sex and State ofMassachusetts, have invent- 5 ed certain new and useful Improvements inLooms for l. caving Pile Fabric; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear,

- and exact description thereof, reference being f had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the I 0 numerals of reference markedthereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in looms for weaving pile fabric,and has for its object an improved construction of mechan- I 5 ism forforming loops over pile-wires, which mechanism may be used for weavingany pile fabric, but is adapted more particularly for use in weavingcarpetin A further ob ect of the invention is to provide means,includmga serrated bar, havinga set of downwardly-projecting taperingteeth or fingers, each tooth projecting down between the series ofpile-threads, the whole be- 5 ing capable of being moved transversely or5 in the direction of the width of the fabric and at the same timemoving downwardly, carrying the pile-threads over the pile-wires.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for the purpose ofguiding the 3 vertically-reeiprocating pile-threads so that after theyhave been carried down and out from between the said teeth through theground-warp threads they will be sure to find their way back (whencarried up by the ascending harnesses) into the space between the teethwhere they came from.

The invention consists of other novel features and parts andcombinations of the same, as will be fully described hereinafter and the4 pointed out in the appended claims.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in theaccompanying drawings, formlng a part of this specification, in whichsimilar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all theviews.

Figure 1 illustrates the pile-thread as bej ingpperated by the heddles,the view being a diagram in section showing parts of the loom and therelative position of the new device to the usual parts looking in thedirec- 5 tion of one end of the loom. Fig. 2 is a front view showinga-portion of the frame with my improveddevice attached thereto, showingthe laterally-reciprocating serrated bar for 5 operating theguide-wires. Fig. 3 shows the serrated guide-bar hung on its swingingarms, said bar being -'in its up or central position. Fig. 4 shows thetoothed guide-bar thrown over to one side on its pivoted arms, whichcarries it downward at the same time. Fig. 5 is a top plan view showingthe position of the threads as the toothed guide-bar is drawn to oneside. j Referring to the drawings, 1 in-Fig. 1 is 4 the usual yarn-beamthat carries the warp- 5 5 threads from which the ground fabric is iwoven. On this ground fabric is formed the i pile-loops, which when outproduce the velvet i or plush effect such as form the face of carpetingor other pile fabric. 7

At :2 2 are the heddles or harnesses that control the groundwarp-threads, and 3 is the heddle that controls thevertically-reciprocating movement of the pile-threads 4, these latterthreads being led from the spools 5 on the rear of the loom. \Vhen it isdesired toweave plain carpeting, this heddle 3 may be used, and it maybe operated by the ordinary jacklevers in adobby-head; but when it isdesired 2 to weave a figured carpeting or the like the 30 jacquardmechanism (not shown) may be used in the manner well known to thoseskilled in the art of weaving.

At 6 isthe pile-wire, one end of which lies on the Woven fabric, suchend being drawn down to thesize of the loops desired to be formed overit. The main arm of this pilewire may beset on an angle a little lessthan that of the upper shed of the ground warpthreads when open, saidarm having a hump I or protuberance 13 at the bend or where the wireturns down. This hump or rounded 5 raised portion on the pile-wirecatches the pile-threadfi'rst in its descent and prevents g the threadfrom slipping back on the wrong l side of the wireas it is being carrieddown by the heddles to form a loop over said wire. The main arm of thepile-wire is supported below the warp-threads.

At 14 is the guide-bar, which is also pivoted below the warp-threads.This bar sets upright a short distance forward of the depcndconnectionsI am able to operate it in two di ing leg 7 and extends up past thepile-wire, resting loosely against the same. bar 18 for the purpose ofguiding the pileguide-bar 20 at each'end on arms or conneetions 19 19,which connections are pivoted at L 8 at their lower ends to fixed pieces18 18 on the loom-frame, their upper ends being piv- This guidethreadand preventing it frombeing carried E too far to one side and over thead acent pilewire.

It lies loosely against the pile-wire, so I the pi le-thread may readilypass down between it and said pile-wire. By placing these guidebarseither forward or back of the depending 5 being long enough to extenddown through legs of the pile-wires more room is given for both the pileand warp threads to pass between said pile-wire legs without binding.The'v position of this guide-bar is quite an essen- 1 tial feature inthe weaving of carpeting, as the threads are necessarily large and the;

space. between said depending legs is very limited and where a number ofdifferent coli ored pile-threads are used the space is somewhat crowded.The upper portions of each of these guide-bars 14 are held loosely in asupporting-bar 14*, which latter bar resembles 3 a reed in construction,the ends of said guide- 3 bars resting loosely between its dents; but 4any suitable means may be employed for supporting the upper ends ofthese guide-bars.

To carry the pile-warps 4 over the pilewires 6 first to one side andthen the other in g the formation of loops over said wire, I prcferablyuse a serrated bar having long tapering teeth 9 resembling the teeth ofa saw, leaving correspondiugly-tapering spaces between said teeth. Theobject in forming taoted at 15 to the toothed guide-barQO. thussupporting this toothed bar on pivoted rcctions at once by simply movingit endwise.

and below the ground-warps when the shed is open.

guided back on its upward stroke into its proper position between theteeth 9 of the laterally-movablebar-20. Both this laterallymovableserrated bar 20 and the guiding-reed 17 are placed back of thepile-wires 6 and between them and the harnesses for the purpose Eachpile-thread passes through the space between the dents and 18 therebysafely of giving more room for a freer movement of the pile and warpthreads.

The operation of my device is further explained as follows: Vhen it isdesired to weave a plain pile fabric, the pile-threads are led from thespools 5 in the rear of the loom j through the harness 3, thence throughthe reed 28 to the ground fabric 29, to which latter it is secured. Thisharness 3 is actuated by a harness-lever 3O 1n the dobby-head to I raisethe pile-threads 4 at the required time pering spaces between the-teethis that each pile-thread 4 used in weaving carpeting is often made up ofa plurality of loose and separate strands, and it is found in practicevery desirable and often necessary in order to obtain good results inweaving this class of goods that these strands should be gatheredtogether and held closely while they are being carried from side to sideover the pilewire in order to keep them-from splitting or separating andpart going on one side and part on the other of said pile-wire 6 as itis above the pile-wires 6. The harness-lever 24 is then called Intoaction in the usual manner and draws the toothed bar 20 endwise, the'movement cf which bar draws the teeth of the transversely-movable bar 20over against the pile-threads 4, causing them to be carried down on theppposite side of the pile-wires 6 and form a loop when the harnessdescends. On the next stroke up of the piletln'eadactuat1ng harness 3the toothed bar 20 is released and albeing carried down to form a loopover the ing held closely together, and by moving this toothed barsidewise and downward at the same time these strands are retained intheir proper position and held together until they have been carriedsafely over the hump or top of the pile-wires and down on the otherside.

In order to obtain this side motion and down- I ward motion at the sametime, 1 preferably employ the simple mechanism, (best illustrated inFigs. 3 and 4,) which is that of hanging the lowed to be carried back bythe tension of the spring 27 to its inward position, causing i s teethto engage the opposite side of each jacent pile-thread and press orguide them over the next pile-wire so they may be d rawu down ontheopposite side of said pile-wires, again IIO forming a loop. By a slightmovement of these I teeth, which extend down between adjacentpile-threads, said threads are guided to be carried down alternatelyfirst on one side and then on the other of the pile-wire (Sand bounddown in the usual way by the passing of the shuttle over them. Thisthread is thus securely woven to the body of the fabric, the loops beingformed over the wire, said loops being carried down by the beating up ofthe reciprocating reed 28 to the small end of the wire, where they aredrawn to the proper size. This sequence of motions 1s repeatedly made,and a series cloops 31 of the pile-threads are bined lateral anddownward movement to said formed over each wire 6, which loops are drawnoff of the front end of the wires as the number of flattened wires 6 andcorresponding pile-threads 1 may be used, and any n n- I pile-threads,means for imparting a combined Oniy ber of harnesses or shuttles may beemployed, according to the style of goods desired. enough of the loom isshown to illustrate the operation of my invention.

pile-threads, and vertically-disposcd bars or wires set betweenthepile-threads and'adapted to guide the latter in their vertical movement.

7. In a loom for weaving pile fabrics, pilewires over which loops areformed by the pilet-hreads, a serrated bar adapted to engage saidlateral and downward movement to said serrated bar, and means forguiding the pilethreads vertically.

I have shown the pile-th reads 4 as being operatcd by the harness-leversin a. dobby-head; but I do not wish to confine myself to any particularmethod of operating these pile threads, as they may be actuated by camsor any of the various methods known to those skilled in the art ofweaving.

This construction 1s extremely simple and practical, and by thearrangement of the mechanism the parts are made very accessible. Thisdevice is not confined to weaving of carpets alone, but may be used inweaviuganv plain or figured velvet of other pile fa ric.

The mechanism for operating the dit'i'crent parts is not shownnordescribed, as they are all well known, and no particular way isclaimed.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a. loom of the character described, pilewires, a laterally-movablebar, said bar being provided with angular openings into which thepile-threads are gathered as they are carried laterally over thepile-wires and means for moving said barlaterally.

2. Ina loom oi the character described, pilewires, a laterally-movablebar, said bar being provided with angular openings, said openings havingan apex into which the threads are gathered as they are carried over thepilewires, and means for moving said barlaterally.

3. Ina loom of the character described, pilewires, a laterally-movablebar, said bar being provided with angularopenings, said openings havingan apex into which the threads are gathered as they are carriedlaterally over the pile-wires, means for moving said bar laterally andmeans for gui ing the pile-threads vertically.

4. In a loom for weaving pile fabrics, pilewires over which loops areformed by the pilethreads, guiding means for imparting a combinedlateral and downward movement to said pile-threads, and independentmeans for guiding the pile-threads vertically.

5. In a loom for weaving pile fabrics, pilewires over which loops areformed by the. pilethreads, guiding means for imparting a combinedlateral and downward movement to said pile-threads, and independentfixed means for guiding the pile-threads vertically.

6. In a loom for weaving pile fabrics, pilewires over which loops areformed by the pilethreads, guiding means for imparting a com- 8. In aloom for weaving pile fabrics, pilewires over which loops are formed bythe pilethreads, guide teeth or fingers adapted to engage thepile-threads, means for imparting a combi ied lateral and downwardmovement to said teeth or fingers, and fixed independent means forguiding the pile-threads vertically.

9. In a loom for weaving piiefabrics, pilewires over which loops aremadeby the piletlueadsalaterally-moving serrated bar,means whereby said barmay be moved endwise and downward at the same time, the teeth of whichbar engage the pile-threads to guide or press them laterally anddownwardly from side to side so that when said threads are carried downthey will form loo ps over said pile-wi res,

means for moving said bar and means independent of the heddles forguiding said pilethreads vertically. I

10. In a loom for weaving pile fabrics, pilewires over which loops aremade by the pilethreads,a laterally-moving serrated bar,means wherebysaid bar may be moved endwise and downward at the same time, the teethof which bar engage the pile-threads to guide or press them laterallyand downwardly from side to side so that when said threads are carrieddown they will form loops over said pile-wires, means for moving saidbar, and vertically-disposed bars or wires set in between thepile-threads for guiding said threads vertically.

11. In a device of the character described, pile-wires over which loopsare formed by the pile-threads, a serrated bar adapted to engage saidpile-threads, and means for imparting a combined lateral and down :ardmovement to said .bar.

12. In a loom of the character described, pile-wires over which loopsare formed by the pile-threads, a serrated bar adapted to move saidpile-threads laterally and downwardly, and means for guiding saidpile-threads vertically.

13. In a loom of the class described, pilewires, upright flexibleguide-bars located by the side of said pile-wires, and means locatedback of said guide-bars for moving the pilethreads, said guide-barsextending above said pile-wires for the purpose of preventing an excesslateral movement of the pile-threads.

14. In a loom of the class described, pilewires, supported at one end bya depending leg, upright guide-bars located by the side of saidpile-wires and forward of said leg, and

located by the side of said pile-wires and extending above the same.said bars being se-J cured at their lower ends and adapted to be movedlaterallyat their upper ends, said bars I being for the purpose ofpreventing an excess lateral motion of the pile-threads.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto seimy hand this lstday of February.A. l). 1904:.

'lLLIAM G. HARTLEY. In presence of- ROBERT (.3. CLARK, A201: 0.\VEBSTER.

